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<span class="token number">2</span>. 比较一轮下来，可以保证一个元素是有序的
<span class="token number">3</span>. 在比较n-1 轮，整个数组就排序好了
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>代码实现</li></ul> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token comment">// 将排序算法挂载到原型链上</span>

<span class="token class-name">Array</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>prototype<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function-variable function">bubbleSort</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">let</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>length <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 一轮下来，最后一个排好了</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 比较所有的相邻元素</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 因为每一次可以排好一个，即后面的部分元素不参与排序</span>
    <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">let</span> j <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> j <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>length <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> i<span class="token punctuation">;</span> j<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>j<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>j <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token comment">// 交换</span>
        <span class="token keyword">let</span> temp <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>j<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
        <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>j<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>j <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
        <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>j <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> temp
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">let</span> arr <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>

arr<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">bubbleSort</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><ul><li>时间复杂度O(n*n)</li></ul> <h3 id="_2-选择排序"><a href="#_2-选择排序" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2. 选择排序</h3> <div class="language-shell line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-shell"><code><span class="token number">1</span>. 每次从数组中选择出一个最大的
<span class="token number">2</span>. 选择出的元素的与最后一个元素进行交换
<span class="token number">3</span>. 最后一个元素不参与排序
<span class="token number">4</span>. 排序n-1长度的数组
<span class="token number">5</span>. 重复执行上述操作
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><ul><li>代码实现</li></ul> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token comment">// 选择排序</span>
<span class="token class-name">Array</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>prototype<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function-variable function">selectSort</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token comment">//选择出一个最大的元素</span>
  <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">let</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">let</span> max <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">1</span>
    <span class="token keyword">let</span> index <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">1</span>
    <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">let</span> j <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> j <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>length <span class="token operator">-</span> i<span class="token punctuation">;</span> j<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>j<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> max<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        max <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>j<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
        index <span class="token operator">=</span> j
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token comment">// 交换</span>
    <span class="token keyword">let</span> temp <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>index<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
    <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>index<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>length <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> i<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
    <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>length <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> temp
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> arr <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>

arr<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">selectSort</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><ul><li>时间复杂度O(n*n)</li></ul> <h3 id="_3-插入排序"><a href="#_3-插入排序" class="header-anchor">#</a> 3. 插入排序</h3> <div class="language-shell line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-shell"><code><span class="token number">1</span>. 对于一个数组，从下标为1的数开始
<span class="token number">2</span>. 比较（当前下标的数）与（下标-1到下标为0）的大小
<span class="token number">3</span>. 当前的小，前面一个下标的右移，当前要插入的下标左移
<span class="token number">4</span>. 当前的大，将当前元素插入到当前要插入的下标，终止
<span class="token number">5</span>. 循环前面步骤
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token comment">// 插入排序</span>
<span class="token class-name">Array</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>prototype<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function-variable function">insertionSort</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token comment">// 从下标为1的开始比</span>
  <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">let</span> j <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> j <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">;</span> j<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">let</span> before <span class="token operator">=</span> j <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
    <span class="token keyword">let</span> curr <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>j<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
    <span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>curr <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>before<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token comment">// before对应的元素右移</span>
      <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>before <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>before<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
      before<span class="token operator">--</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token comment">// before的值小于等于当前值</span>
    <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>before <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> curr
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> arr <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">7</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>

arr<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">insertionSort</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_4-归并排序"><a href="#_4-归并排序" class="header-anchor">#</a> 4. 归并排序</h3> <div class="language-shell line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-shell"><code><span class="token number">1</span>. 对于一个数组，切分为两半
<span class="token number">2</span>. 对于左半和右半，再递归切分
<span class="token number">3</span>. 递归出口，切分的数组长度为1，返回
<span class="token number">4</span>. 左半回来，右半也回来了，使用一个栈，小的<span class="token punctuation">[</span>数组第一个元素<span class="token punctuation">]</span>先进去，大的<span class="token punctuation">[</span>数组第一个元素<span class="token punctuation">]</span>后进去，就是有序的了 返回
<span class="token number">5</span>. 循环上述操作
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token comment">// 将排序算法挂载到原型链上</span>
<span class="token comment">// 归并排序</span>
<span class="token class-name">Array</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>prototype<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function-variable function">mergeSort</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">rcs</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token parameter">arr</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 递归出口</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>arr<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length <span class="token operator">===</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token keyword">return</span> arr
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token comment">// 数组切分</span>
    <span class="token keyword">let</span> mid <span class="token operator">=</span> Math<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">floor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>arr<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token comment">// 左半部分</span>
    <span class="token keyword">let</span> leftArr <span class="token operator">=</span> arr<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> mid<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 左边部分递归切分</span>
    <span class="token keyword">const</span> orderLeft <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">rcs</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>leftArr<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 右半部分</span>
    <span class="token keyword">let</span> rightArr <span class="token operator">=</span> arr<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mid<span class="token punctuation">,</span> arr<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">const</span> orderRight <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">rcs</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rightArr<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token comment">// 合并左边和右边的部分</span>

    <span class="token comment">// 合并后的数组</span>
    <span class="token keyword">let</span> res <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>

    <span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>orderLeft<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length <span class="token operator">&amp;&amp;</span> orderRight<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>orderLeft<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> orderRight<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        res<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>orderRight<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">shift</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        res<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>orderLeft<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">shift</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>orderLeft<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      res<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>orderLeft<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">shift</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>orderRight<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      res<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>orderRight<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">shift</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">return</span> res
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

  <span class="token keyword">const</span> res <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">rcs</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

  <span class="token keyword">return</span> res
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">let</span> arr <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">7</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>

<span class="token keyword">const</span> res <span class="token operator">=</span> arr<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">mergeSort</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>res<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br></div></div><ul><li>时间复杂度O(nlogn)</li></ul> <h3 id="_5-快速排序"><a href="#_5-快速排序" class="header-anchor">#</a> 5. 快速排序</h3> <div class="language-shell line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-shell"><code><span class="token number">1</span>. 自定义一个基准值（任意一个元素）
<span class="token number">2</span>. 把比基准值小的元素放在左边，基准值大的放在右边
<span class="token number">3</span>. 左边和右边的单独成为一个新数组（递归上面步骤）
<span class="token number">4</span>. 递归出口：数组长度为1
<span class="token number">5</span>. 合并左边，基准值，右边，得到已经排序好的数组
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token comment">// 将排序算法挂载到原型链上</span>
<span class="token comment">// 快速排序</span>
<span class="token class-name">Array</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>prototype<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function-variable function">quickSort</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token comment">// 递归算法</span>
  <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">rcs</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token parameter">arr</span> <span class="token operator">=&gt;</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 递归出口</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>arr<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length <span class="token operator">===</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>arr<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token keyword">return</span> arr
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 选定一个基准值,随意选</span>
    <span class="token keyword">const</span> base <span class="token operator">=</span> arr<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 定义左边和右边</span>
    <span class="token keyword">let</span> leftArr <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
    <span class="token keyword">let</span> rightArr <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>

    <span class="token comment">// 循环当前数组，把比基准值小的放在左边，大的放在右边</span>
    <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">let</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> arr<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>arr<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> base<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        leftArr<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>arr<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        rightArr<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>arr<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token comment">// 对左边的右边的数组进行递归</span>
    <span class="token keyword">const</span> orderLeft <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">rcs</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>leftArr<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">const</span> orderRight <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">rcs</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rightArr<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token comment">// 返回合并的数组</span>
    <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">...</span>orderLeft<span class="token punctuation">,</span> base<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">...</span>orderRight<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

  <span class="token keyword">const</span> res <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">rcs</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
  <span class="token keyword">return</span> res
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">let</span> arr <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">7</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>

<span class="token keyword">const</span> res <span class="token operator">=</span> arr<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">quickSort</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>res<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br></div></div><ul><li>O(log(n))</li> <li>最坏：O(n*n)</li></ul> <h2 id="搜索"><a href="#搜索" class="header-anchor">#</a> 搜索</h2> <h3 id="_1-二分查找"><a href="#_1-二分查找" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1. 二分查找</h3> <div class="language-shell line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-shell"><code><span class="token number">1</span>. 前提：待查找的数组是有序的
<span class="token number">2</span>. 找到中间值mid，比对target和mid
<span class="token number">3</span>. 如果mid<span class="token operator">&gt;</span>target ,搜索范围0-<span class="token punctuation">(</span>mid-1<span class="token punctuation">)</span> 重复上述操作
<span class="token number">4</span>. 如果mid<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>target,搜索范围<span class="token punctuation">(</span>mid+1<span class="token punctuation">)</span> - length 重复1，2操作
<span class="token number">5</span>. 相等，返回结果下标
<span class="token number">6</span>. 没找到，返回-1
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token comment">// 将搜索算法挂载到原型链上</span>
<span class="token comment">// 二分查找</span>
<span class="token class-name">Array</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>prototype<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function-variable function">binarySearch</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">target</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token keyword">let</span> low <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span>
  <span class="token keyword">let</span> high <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>length <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span>

  <span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>low <span class="token operator">&lt;=</span> high<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 找到中间值</span>
    <span class="token keyword">const</span> mid <span class="token operator">=</span> Math<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">floor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>low <span class="token operator">+</span> high<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

    <span class="token comment">// 判断目标值与中间值的大小</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>target <span class="token operator">&lt;</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>mid<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token comment">// 缩小范围到左边</span>
      high <span class="token operator">=</span> mid <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>target <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>mid<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token comment">// 缩小范围到右边</span>
      low <span class="token operator">=</span> mid <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token comment">// 找到</span>
      <span class="token keyword">return</span> mid
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

  <span class="token comment">// 没找到</span>
  <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">let</span> arr <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">9</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">12</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">19</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>

<span class="token keyword">const</span> res <span class="token operator">=</span> arr<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">binarySearch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>res<span class="token punctuation">)</span>

</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div></div></div>  <div class="page-edit"><div class="edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/linxin1123/vuepress-blog/edit/master/docs/07.算法/42.js数据结构与算法/01.排序.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">编辑</a> <span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></div> <!----> <div class="last-updated"><span class="prefix">上次更新:</span> <span class="time">2023/02/17, 11:29:32</span></div></div> <div class="page-nav-wapper"><div class="page-nav-centre-wrap"><a href="/pages/6789f3/" class="page-nav-centre page-nav-centre-prev"><div class="tooltip">动态规划(一)</div></a> <a href="/pages/0495c3/" class="page-nav-centre page-nav-centre-next"><div class="tooltip">图-cnblog</div></a></div> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev">
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